What is considered the preferred long-term controller medication for asthma?

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are regarded as the preferred long-term controller medication for asthma due to their effectiveness in reducing airway inflammation, which is a fundamental component of asthma pathophysiology. ICS work by directly targeting the inflammatory processes within the airways, leading to improved lung function and a reduction in the frequency of asthma exacerbations. They are often recommended for all patients with persistent asthma, as they can help achieve and maintain control of asthma symptoms over time.

Using ICS regularly can significantly decrease the need for rescue medications and improve overall asthma management. They also have a favorable safety profile when used at recommended doses, and the benefits of controlling inflammation often outweigh potential side effects. Given their role in managing chronic inflammation in the airways, ICS are critical for achieving long-term asthma control and improving patients' quality of life.

The other treatment options, such as oral corticosteroids, inhaled bronchodilators, and leukotriene modifiers, serve different purposes in asthma management. Oral corticosteroids are typically used for acute exacerbations rather than as a long-term solution due to their significant side effects with prolonged use. Inhaled bronchodilators primarily provide quick relief of acute symptoms rather than controlling inflammation over the long term. Leukotriene modifiers